What should be done if communication cannot be established with an aircraft for some time?

When communication cannot be established with an aircraft for an extended period, taking appropriate action to restore communication is crucial. This approach involves several strategies, such as using secondary communication means — like relaying messages through nearby aircraft or ground stations, checking frequencies, or trying to contact the aircraft on different radio channels. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of the aircraft and its occupants, as well as to maintain situational awareness for air traffic control.

While waiting for the pilot to contact you or attempting communication at intervals may seem reasonable, they do not actively address the critical situation of lost communication. Waiting without taking action can lead to increased risks, particularly in busy airspace or when the aircraft is in distress. Notifying other controllers can be part of the overall communication strategy, but it does not directly work to restore communication with the aircraft. Taking decisive action to regain contact ensures that the aircraft can receive necessary instructions and maintain safe operations within controlled airspace.