What do you tell a pilot when you anticipate an altitude change?

When anticipating an altitude change for a pilot, the appropriate guidance is to inform them to expect climb or descent clearance or to request an altitude change. This direction is essential for several reasons. It keeps the pilot informed about upcoming changes in their flight profile, ensuring they are prepared for adjustments in their altitude as needed. It also allows the pilot to anticipate potential changes in workload and may prompt them to check their instruments and systems accordingly.

Clearly communicating the expectation of altitude changes fosters situational awareness for both the pilot and air traffic controller, promoting safety and operational efficiency. Besides, being proactive about altitude changes can help in the effective management of airspace, especially when accommodating traffic or weather conditions.

Other choices do not appropriately address the need for altitude adjustments. Depending on immediate landing clearance without any context may cause confusion, as landing clearances usually involve specific procedures and cannot be expected without the right conditions. Similarly, preparing for a turn or maintaining the current heading does not directly inform pilots about altitude changes, which is the central focus of the question.